Can Better Jobs Retain Immigrants in Atlantic Canada?

Atlantic Canada’s Immigration Challenge: Attracting vs. Retaining Newcomers

As Atlantic Canada welcomes record numbers of immigrants, a critical issue looms large: retention. Despite the region’s successful immigration initiatives, such as the Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP), many newcomers leave within their first few years, drawn away by better opportunities elsewhere. This trend poses significant challenges, especially in light of an aging population and persistent labor shortages across the Maritimes.

Understanding the Exodus: Why Do Newcomers Leave?

The primary reasons behind the early departure of immigrants are straightforward: limited job opportunities and low wages. For instance, the three-year retention rate for immigrants in Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) was only 43% in 2021, a slight improvement over 2017’s 33.3%, but still the lowest in Canada. Many immigrants arrive with high hopes, only to find that the local job market offers few avenues for professional growth or competitive salaries.

According to regional economist Herb Emery, the focus on filling low-wage positions that many Canadians avoid has led to a mismatch between immigrant aspirations and available opportunities. As a result, skilled workers often migrate to provinces like Ontario, which offer a more diverse and lucrative job market.

What Needs to Change for Better Retention?

Experts suggest several strategies to enhance immigrant retention in Atlantic Canada:

1. Economic Opportunities:

   • Increase access to skilled jobs and attract industries that provide higher wages and long-term growth prospects. A shift away from seasonal and labor-intensive sectors is essential.

2. Credential Recognition:

   • Facilitate the recognition of international qualifications to help newcomers utilize their skills effectively. Implementing fast-track pathways for skilled professionals, such as doctors, engineers, and teachers, could significantly improve retention rates.
3. Incentives for Long-Term Commitment:
   • Introduce tax credits or benefits for immigrants who remain in the region for five years or more. Supporting pathways for international students to transition to permanent residency and local employment could also enhance retention.

The Bigger Picture: Beyond Numbers

The retention issue is not merely about how many immigrants arrive but how many choose to stay. During the pandemic, many newcomers were placed in short-term roles with little opportunity for advancement, leading to disillusionment and departure. The disparity in retention rates across provinces starkly illustrates the need for targeted strategies—Ontario boasts an 85%+ retention rate compared to Atlantic Canada’s significantly lower figures.

Some have suggested reducing interprovincial trade barriers to foster economic growth across provinces. However, this could backfire for smaller regions like Atlantic Canada, which may struggle to compete with larger provinces that naturally attract businesses.

A New Hope?

With the recent appointment of Lena Metlege Diab as Canada’s Immigration Minister, there is renewed optimism for addressing Atlantic Canada’s immigration challenges. Hailing from Nova Scotia, Diab’s local insights and connections could pave the way for policies that improve wages, enhance access to professional jobs, and prioritize retention strategies.

Conclusion: A Call to Action

For Atlantic Canada to secure a vibrant and diverse future, retaining immigrants is as vital as attracting them. This requires a fundamental shift from short-term labor solutions to long-term growth initiatives. By improving job prospects, recognizing international qualifications, and implementing strategic incentives, the region can not only stem the tide of out-migration but also position itself as a burgeoning hub of opportunity for new Canadians. The time for action is now—if done right, Atlantic Canada could transform its immigrant challenges into a story of success and prosperity.

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